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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15472</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP15472</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children with autism spectrum disorder: a multistage mixed-methods study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Междисциплинарный подход к диагностике избегающего/ограничительного расстройства приема пищи у детей с расстройством аутистического спектра: многоэтапное смешанное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-082X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5003-3852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинова</surname><given-names>Наталия Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of social pediatrics and the organization of multidisciplinary support for children, Chief research</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0440-2715</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6506802044</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAD-2209-2022</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7418-5571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.), Psychotherapist, Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">48761908100</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">C-9485-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1312-2147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>Leila S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Лейла Сеймуровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute, Head of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Professor, President of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5001-8554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3290-5781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Basova</surname><given-names>Anna Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басова</surname><given-names>Анна Яновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Research, Associate Professor, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Department</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7763-5085</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9942-0547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyanik</surname><given-names>Natalya G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсяник</surname><given-names>Наталья Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric endocrinologist, Nutritionist, Junior Researcher at the Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8936-3590</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1272-7036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaytukova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайтукова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.), Gastroenterologist, Deputy Head for Medical Activities, Head of the Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Children, Associate Professor of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8723-0199</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7521-1803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleymanova</surname><given-names>Zoya Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманова</surname><given-names>Зоя Ядитовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.), Associate Professor, Gastroenterologist, Leading Researcher at the Research Institute of Pediatrics and Child Health Protection</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4363-8042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gundobina</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гундобина</surname><given-names>Ольга Станиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.), Gastroenterologist, Leading Researcher at the Research Institute of Pediatrics and Child Health Protection</p></bio><email>ust-doctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific and Practical Center for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents named after G.E. Sukhareva</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр психического здоровья детей и подростков им. Г.Е. Сухаревой ДЗМ г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shenzhen MSU-BIT University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет МГУ-ППИ в Шэньчжэне</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-21"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector, 2026</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор, 2026</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/15472">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/15472</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit restrictive eating behaviors that may meet the criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). This disorder is characterized not only by behavioral disturbances but also by somatic impairments and functional complications. Timely identification of ARFID allows for therapeutic and nutritional interventions aimed at restoring fully balanced nutrition in order to achieve the highest possible level of development and health for every child with ASD. Despite high prevalence of avoidant/restrictive eating behaviors in children, the associated adverse health outcomes, and the frequency of clinical encounters, ARFID is often underdiagnosed and inadequately addressed within both psychiatric and pediatric care settings, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To develop and implement a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of ARFID in children with ASD.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> A multistage mixed-methods design was applied to address the aim of the study. In the first stage, diagnostic criteria for ARFID were clustered. In the second stage, a conventional algorithm for examining patients with ASD to diagnose ARFID was developed. This was followed by a cross-sectional study, during which a comprehensive examination of patients with ASD was performed and approaches to the diagnosis of ARFID in children with autism were developed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> A behavioral pattern of selective/restrictive food intake was identified in 71 (88.8%) children with autism out of 80. Somatic disorders (deviation of body weight from the norm, carbohydrate and/or lipid metabolism disorders, vitamin deficiencies, anemia) were observed in 66 (82.5%) children, and functional impairment — in 11 (19.7%). This defines an additional criterion necessary for diagnosing ARFID as a comorbid disorder and for implementing therapeutic interventions aimed at treating the identified pathology and restoring a balanced diet.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> This study proposes the identification of three diagnostic clusters of ARFID: behavioral, somatic, and functional impairment. These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the need to assess somatic consequences when diagnosing ARFID and developing individualized treatment strategies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ВВЕДЕНИЕ:</bold> У детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) часто выявляются нарушения питания в виде избирательного и ограничительного пищевого поведения, которое может соответствовать критериям избегающего/ограничительного расстройства потребления пищи (ИОРПП). Для данного расстройства характерны не только поведенческие, но и соматические нарушения, а также нарушения функционирования. Своевременное выявление ИОРПП позволяет проводить терапевтические и диетологические мероприятия, направленные на восстановление полноценного сбалансированного питания в целях достижения максимально возможного уровня развития и здоровья каждого ребенка с РАС. Несмотря на значительную распространенность избирательного и ограничительного пищевого поведения у детей, его негативные последствия для здоровья и частую встречаемость, ИОРПП недостаточно диагностируется и не получает должного внимания как в психиатрических, так и в педиатрических учреждениях. Это подчеркивает необходимость междисциплинарного подхода к его диагностике.</p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ:</bold> Разработка и применение мультидисциплинарного подхода к диагностике ИОРПП у детей с РАС.</p> <p><bold>МЕТОДЫ:</bold> Для достижения цели исследования был применен многоэтапный смешанный метод. На первом этапе проведена кластеризация диагностических критериев ИОРПП. На втором этапе разработан конвенциальный алгоритм обследования пациентов с РАС для диагностики ИОРПП. Третий этап представлял собой поперечное исследование, в ходе которого было выполнено комплексное обследование пациентов с РАС и разработаны подходы к диагностике ИОРПП у детей с аутизмом.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ:</bold> Поведенческий паттерн избирательного/ограничительного потребления пищи был выявлен у 71 (88,8%) ребенка с аутизмом из 80. Соматические нарушения (отклонение массы тела от нормы, нарушение углеводного и/или липидного обмена, дефицит витаминов, анемия) отмечались у 66 (82,5%) детей, а нарушение функционирования — у 11 (19,7%), что определяет дополнительный критерий, необходимый для диагностики ИОРПП как коморбидного расстройства и проведения терапевтических мероприятий, направленных на лечение выявленной патологии и восстановление сбалансированного рациона питания.</p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ:</bold> В исследовании предложено выделение 3 диагностических кластеров ИОРПП: поведенческого, соматического и кластера функциональных нарушений. Полученные данные подчеркивают значимость мультидисциплинарного подхода и необходимость оценки соматических последствий при диагностике ИОРПП и разработке индивидуализированных лечебных стратегий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>avoidant/restrictive food intake</kwd><kwd>autism spectrum disorder</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>health care</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>избегающее/ограничительное потребление пищи</kwd><kwd>расстройство аутистического спектра</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kesari A, Noel JY. Nutritional Assessment. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK580496/</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Popkin BM, Corvalan C, Grummer-Strawn LM. 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