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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15638</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP15638</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative visual perception patterns in autism spectrum disorder and mild intellectual disability: a cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительные паттерны зрительного восприятия при расстройстве аутистического спектра и легкой степени умственной отсталости: поперечное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-5007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamenehei</surname><given-names>Nazyar</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаменехи</surname><given-names>Назйар</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student (General psychology, Personality psychology, History of Psychology), Research Engineer</p></bio><email>nazyarkh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokarskaya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токарская</surname><given-names>Людмила Валериевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Psychology), Associate Professor, Deputy Director</p></bio><email>nazyarkh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-23"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-22"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Khamenehei N., Tokarskaya L.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Хаменехи Н., Токарская Л.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khamenehei N., Tokarskaya L.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хаменехи Н., Токарская Л.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/15638">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/15638</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold><bold> </bold>Visual perception plays a crucial role in cognitive and behavioral development. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and mild intellectual disability (ID) exhibit distinct patterns of visual processing that influence their learning and interaction with the environment.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This study aims to compare the visual perception abilities of children with ASD and those with mild ID.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> This study employed an experimental comparative design. The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test was administered to assess visual-motor integration, perceptual organization, and spatial processing abilities. It was scored based on standard qualitative and quantitative criteria. Group comparisons were conducted using descriptive statistics and cross-group performance patterns.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold><bold> </bold>A total of 15 children (8 with ASD and 7 with mild ID), aged between 7 to 12 years, participated in the study. Children with ASD demonstrated superior spatial organization and attention to local details, whereas children with mild ID demonstrated significant difficulties in perceptual coherence, spatial alignment, and motor coordination.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>The study highlights the importance of developing tailored intervention strategies that address the distinct perceptual processing styles associated with ASD and mild ID. However, limitations such as a lack of detailed diagnostic criteria, absence of symptom severity differentiation, and failure to control for developmental age must be considered when interpreting the findings. Future research should aim to overcome these limitations by including standardized diagnostic measures, creating a larger and more diverse sample, and involving additional assessment tools for a more comprehensive analysis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: </bold>Зрительное восприятие играет важнейшую роль в развитии когнитивных и поведенческих функций. У людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) и легкой степенью умственной отсталости (УО) отмечаются различные паттерны обработки зрительной информации, которые влияют на их обучение и взаимодействие с окружающей средой.</p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ: </bold>Целью настоящего исследования является сравнение способностей к зрительному восприятию у детей с РАС и детей с легкой степенью УО.</p> <p><bold>МЕТОДЫ: </bold>Исследование имело экспериментальный сравнительный дизайн. Для оценки зрительно-моторной интеграции, перцептивной организации и способности к пространственной обработке проводили зрительно-моторный гештальт-тест Бендер. Он подразумевал оценку в баллах по стандартным качественным и количественным критериям. Группы сравнивали с использованием описательной статистики и межгрупповых паттернов выполнения теста.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: </bold>В исследовании приняли участие 15 детей (8 детей с РАС и 7 детей с легкой степенью УО) в возрасте от 7 до 12 лет. У детей с РАС отмечались лучшие пространственная организация и внимание к локальным деталям, в то время как у детей с легкой степенью УО наблюдались значительные трудности в восприятии, пространственном расположении и координации движений.</p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: </bold>Исследование подчеркивает важность разработки индивидуальных стратегий вмешательства, направленных на различные стили перцептивной обработки, связанные с РАС и легкой степенью УО. Однако при интерпретации полученных результатов следует учитывать такие ограничения, как отсутствие подробных диагностических критериев, отсутствие дифференциации тяжести симптомов и отсутствие контроля возраста развития. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на преодоление этих ограничений путем включения стандартизированных диагностических мер, более крупной и разнообразной выборки, а также дополнительных инструментов оценки для более полного анализа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>visual perception</kwd><kwd>autism spectrum disorder</kwd><kwd>intellectual disability</kwd><kwd>Bender-Gestalt test</kwd><kwd>visual-motor integration</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зрительное восприятие</kwd><kwd>расстройство аутистического спектра</kwd><kwd>умственная отсталость</kwd><kwd>Бендер-тест</kwd><kwd>зрительно-моторная интеграция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boat TF, Wu JT, editors. Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children. 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