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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">165</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP165</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPECIAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПЕЦИАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Community Mental Health Services in Egypt</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Организация амбулаторной психиатрической службы в Египте</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4819-1497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okasha</surname><given-names>Tarek Ahmed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окаша</surname><given-names>Тарек Ахмед</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., M.Sc. (Neuro. &amp; Psych.), D.P.P., F.A.P.A., Dip. I.A.B.M.C.P., Professor of Psychiatry, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email>tarek.okasha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-0277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaker</surname><given-names>Nermin M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакер</surname><given-names>Нермин Махмуд</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., M.Sc. (Neuro. &amp; Psych.), D.P.P., Professor of Psychiatry, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email>editor@consortium-psy.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-6119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elgabry</surname><given-names>Dina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Элгабри</surname><given-names>Дина Мохамед Али</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., M.Sc. (Neuro. &amp; Psych.), MRCPsych, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email>dinaelgabry@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ain Shams University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Айн Шамс</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-05-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-15"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Okasha T.A., Shaker N.M., Elgabry D.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Окаша Т.А., Шакер Н.М., Элгабри Д.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Okasha T.A., Shaker N.M., Elgabry D.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Окаша Т.А., Шакер Н.М., Элгабри Д.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/165">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/165</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As far back as the 14th Century, Egypt had already developed mental health care in a community-based sense in Kalaoon Hospital in Cairo, 600 years before similar institutions were founded across the globe.</p> <p>By 2001, an Egyptian-Finnish bilateral comprehensive reform program was incorporated. A few years later, in 2007, the Minister of Health and Population initiated a proper appraisal of the mental health services in Egypt, which was aimed at achieving better integration and coordination in the mental health sector, as well as supervision and training on the national, governmental, and primary care levels.</p> <p>By 2009, the Mental Health Act of 2009 (Law 71) brought basic conceptual changes to the care of people with a mental illness in Egyptian institutions, replacing the outdated 1944 law that had been used in Egypt for decades. However, despite all of the important steps Egypt is taking to move toward more integrated mental health services, more effort and resources are still needed to fight against stigma and to develop a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach that is approachable and effective to all those who need it.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Уже в 14-м веке в Египте существовала развитая служба психиатрической помощи, организованная по территориальному принципу, в больнице Калаун в Каире, то есть за 600 лет до создания подобных учреждений по всему миру.</p> <p>К 2001 году была внедрена египетско-финская двусторонняя программа современного реформирования. Несколькими годами позже, в 2007 году, министр социальной политики и здравоохранения инициировал комплексную оценку служб психиатрической помощи в Египте. Данная акция была направлена на достижение более высокого уровня интеграции и координации в секторе психического здоровья, а также включала обучающую деятельность и контроль качества на национальном, правительственном уровне и в условиях первичного звена медицинской помощи.</p> <p>Утвержденный в 2009 году Акт о психическом здоровье (Закон 71) внес основные концептуальные изменения в оказание медицинской помощи лицам с психическими заболеваниями в лечебных учреждениях Египта. Данный акт заменил закон от 1944 года, который действовал в Египте на протяжении нескольких десятилетий. Несмотря на все эти важные шаги, Египет продолжает двигаться в направлении более тесной интеграции служб психиатрической помощи. В стране по-прежнему сохраняется необходимость в привлечении большего количества ресурсов и усилий для борьбы со стигматизацией лиц с психическими расстройствами, а также для создания комплексного мультидисциплинарного подхода, который может быть применим в отношении всех нуждающихся в помощи.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Egypt</kwd><kwd>mental health</kwd><kwd>community services</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Египет</kwd><kwd>психическое здоровье</kwd><kwd>службы помощи по месту жительства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Moreira-Almeida A, Paz Mosqueiro B, Bhugra D, editors. Ahmed Okasha and Tarek Okasha (2021): Spirituality and Mental Health Across Cultures. Oxford University Press. Chapter 11, Islam and Mental Health; p. 183–200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Okasha A. Focus on psychiatry in Egypt. 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