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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">206</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP206</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Effect of Untreated Illness in Youth Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние длительности нелеченого периода при юношеских депрессиях: данные поперечного исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8343-168X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelchenko</surname><given-names>Maria  A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>Мария Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Fellow, Department of Youth Psychiatry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник Отдела юношеской психиатрии</p></bio><email>omelchenko-ma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-4323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Migalina</surname><given-names>Valentina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мигалина</surname><given-names>Валентина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Fellow, Department of Youth Psychiatry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Отдела юношеской психиатрии</p></bio><email>migalina-vv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-1443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaleda</surname><given-names>Vasiliy G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каледа</surname><given-names>Василий Глебович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Youth Psychiatry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий Отделом юношеской психиатрии</p></bio><email>kaleda-vg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mental Health Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-12-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-08-29"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-11-25"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/206">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/206</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The existing research has mainly focused on exploring how the duration of untreated psychosis eff ects the further course of the disease. By contrast, the duration of an untreated illness (DUI) in youth depression and its impact on the further course of the disease has remained scarcely investigated.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> The current study aims to determine how the duration of untreated illness aff ects the severity of the symptoms during the fi rst depressive episode and the degree to which the symptoms are reduced after treatment.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Fifty-two young male patients (15–29 years old) were examined. First, they were hospitalized with a severe without psychotic symptoms (F32.2) and moderate (F32.1) depressive episode. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS), and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to achieve the research goals. The examination was conducted twice at the time of patient admission to the hospital and before discharge. Our statistical analysis was carried out with the Statistica 12 software. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the diff erences between two independent groups. The Spearman’s rank correlation coeffi cient was used to uncover any correlation between how long the illness has remained untreated and the severity of its clinical symptoms.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> All patients were hospitalized at the fi rst depressive episode. The average duration of an untreated illness was 35.8±17.0 months. The patients were divided into two groups: the fi rst group (59.6%, n=31), with a duration of the untreated illness of more than 36 months, and the second group (40.4%, n=21), with a duration of the untreated illness of less than 36 months. A cross-group comparison between the participants showed that the reduction of HDRS scores was signifi cantly higher in the second group (p=0.019) at the time of discharge, with no diff erences in the severity of depressive symptoms (p=0.544) at the time of admission. Comorbidity was detected in 83.9% of the patients in the fi rst group and in 42.9% of the patients in the second group. A greater therapy eff ectiveness was found to exist in the second group, as the depressive symptoms score on the HDRS scale (p=0.016; U=196.0) and prodromal symptoms score on the SOPS disorganization subscale (p=0.046; U=218.0) were found to have been reduced signifi cantly.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The study showed that DUI has an impact on the reduction of depressive, negative symptoms and symptoms of disorganization in youth patients at the fi rst depressive episode. A high level of comorbidity has been uncovered, confi rming that a variety of non-psychotic and psychotic disorders in youth manifest themselves in depression at a prodromal stage, causing diffi culties in establishing diagnoses and requiring subsequent verifi cation. Future research might need to focus on exploring depressive symptoms as predictors of mental disorders in youth patients.</p> </abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ВВЕДЕНИЕ:</bold> В настоящее время большинство исследований сфокусированы на изучении влияния длительности нелеченого психоза на дальнейшее течение заболевания. В отношении длительности нелеченого заболевания при депрессии таких работ значительно меньше. </p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ:</bold> Целью данного исследования является: установить влияние длительности нелеченого заболевания на тяжесть симптомов депрессии, на степень их редукции за время лечения.</p> <p><bold>МЕТОДЫ:</bold> Обследованы 52 больных мужского пола 15–29 лет, впервые госпитализированных по поводу депрессивного эпизода тяжелой степени без психотических симптомов (F32.2) и средней степени тяжести (F32.1). Применялись Шкала оценки депрессивных симптомов (HDRS), Шкала оценки продромальных симптомов (SOPS) и Шкала оценки негативных симптомов (SANS). Обследование проводилось дважды: на момент поступления пациента в стационар и на этапе редукции психопатологических расстройств перед выпиской. Статистический анализ проводился с помощью программы Statistica 12. Для сравнения различий между двумя независимыми группами применялся непараметрический метод Манна — Уитни и ранговый коэффициент Спирмена для оценки взаимосвязей между длительностью нелеченного заболевания и тяжестью клинических симптомов.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ:</bold> Выборка включала больных, впервые госпитализированных с диагнозом «Депрессивный эпизод», средняя длительность нелеченого заболевания составила 35,8±17,0 месяцев. Пациенты были разделены на две группы: 1 группа (59.6%, n=31) с длительностью нелеченого заболевания более 36 месяцев, 2 группа (40.4%, n=21) — менее 36 месяцев. Межгрупповые сравнения показали, что редукция баллов по шкале HDRS к моменту выписки была значительно выше во второй группе (р=0,019) при отсутствии различий по степени выраженности депрессии при поступлении (р=0.544). Коморбидность отмечалась у 83,9% пациентов первой группы и у 42.9% — у второй. Лучший эффект терапии был установлен у больных второй группы по степени выраженности депрессивных симптомов (p=0.016; U=196.0) и продромальных симптомов, оцененных по подшкале симптомов дезорганизации шкалы SOPS (p=0.046; U=218.0) при выписке. </p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ:</bold> Исследование показало влияние длительности нелеченого заболевания на степень редукции депрессивных, негативных симптомов и симптомов дезорганизации у молодых людей с первым депрессивным эпизодом. Также была установлена большая степень коморбидности, подтверждающая, что различные непсихотические психические расстройства, а также психотические заболевания на продромальных стадиях могут проявляться депрессивной симптоматикой, что затрудняет диагностику юношеских депрессий и требует последующей верификации диагноза. Будущие исследования должны быть направлены на определение предикторной значимости юношеских депрессий в отношении развития психических расстройств в юношеском возрасте. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>youth depression</kwd><kwd>prodromal symptoms</kwd><kwd>negative symptoms</kwd><kwd>duration of untreated illness</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>effectiveness of therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юношеские депрессии</kwd><kwd>продромальные симптомы</kwd><kwd>негативные симптомы</kwd><kwd>длительность нелеченого заболевания</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>эффективность терапии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Scientific Fund</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-15-00437</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ghio L, Gotelli S, Cervetti A, et al. 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