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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">51</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2712-7672-2020-1-2-29-42</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnosis and treatment depression in schizophrenia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностика и терапия депрессии при шизофрении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-3964</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">388574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosolov</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосолов</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, Заслуженный деятель науки РФ, руководитель отдела терапии психических заболеваний Московского НИИ психиатрии филиала ФГБУ «НМИЦ психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России, зав. кафедрой психиатрии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава Росси</p></bio><email>profmosolov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – a branch of the V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-03"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Mosolov S.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Мосолов С.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mosolov S.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мосолов С.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/51">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/51</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Depression is the third most common illness among patients with schizophrenia which negatively affects the course of the disease and significantly contributes to the mortality rate, due to increased suicide. Depression, along with negative symptoms and cognitive deficits, is one of the main factors that significantly decreases the quality of life and the disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia. In addition, depression increases the frequency of exacerbations and readmissions, decreases the quality and duration of remissions and is associated with more frequent substance abuse and an increased economic burden. Data on the prevalence of depression among patients with schizophrenia are contradictory and are associated with a low detection rate of depression in such patients, a lack of clear diagnostic criteria and difficulties in differentiation between extrapyramidal and negative symptoms. The average prevalence of depression that meets the diagnostic criteria of major depressive episodes in patients with schizophrenia is 25% at a specific point, and 60% over the course of a lifetime; the frequency of subsyndromal depression is much higher. It is essential to distinguish between primary (axial syndrome) and secondary depressive symptoms (extrapyramidal symptoms, psychogenic or nosogenic reactions, social factors, etc.) to determine treatment strategies.</p> <p>The published data relating to randomized clinical trials for the development of evidence-based guidelines are limited. Current recommendations are based mainly on the results of small-scale trials and reviews. Certain atypical antipsychotics (quetiapine, lurasidone, amisulpride, aripiprazole, olanzapine, clozapine) are superior to typical antipsychotics in the reduction of depressive symptoms. Clozapine is effective in the management of patients at risk from suicide. The additional prescription of antidepressants, transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy are not always effective and are only possible following the management of acute psychosis in cases when antipsychotic monotherapy proved to be ineffective.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Депрессия является третьим по частоте синдромом шизофрении и, существенно осложняет прогноз и течение заболевания, а также вносит главный вклад в показатель смертности вследствие суицида. Депрессия, наряду с негативными симптомами и когнитивными нарушениями, является одним из важнейших дезадаптирующих факторов у больных шизофренией, что в значительной степени снижает качество жизни и прогноз заболевания в целом. Помимо этого, депрессия увеличивает частоту обострений и повторных госпитализаций, снижает качество и продолжительность ремиссий, связана с более частым злоупотреблением психоактивными веществами, повышенным экономическим бременем заболевания. Данные о распространенности депрессии в популяции больных шизофренией достаточно противоречивы, что связано с низкой выявляемостью депрессии у данной категории пациентов, отсутствием четких диагностических критериев, сложностями клинической дифференциации с экстрапирамидной и негативной симптоматикой. В среднем распространенность депрессий, отвечающих диагностическим критериям развернутого депрессивного эпизода, при шизофрении в моменте составляет 25%, а на протяжении жизни – до 60%; частота субсиндромальных депрессий значительно выше. Необходимо различать первичную (осевой синдром) и вторичную депрессивную симптоматику (экстрапирамидные симптомы, личностная реакция, нозогения, социальные факторы и др.), что определяет терапевтическую тактику. </p> <p>В литературе крайне мало данных рандомизированных клинических исследований для формирования рекомендаций с высокой степенью доказательности. Клинические рекомендации основываются в основном на обзорах литературы и результатах небольших исследований. Некоторые атипичные антипсихотики (кветиапин, луразидон, амисульприд, арипипразол, оланзапин, клозапин) лучше, чем традиционные нейролептики редуцируют депрессивную симптоматику. При наличии суицидального риска предпочтительно назначение клозапина. Присоединение антидепрессантов, транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции и электросудорожной терапии не всегда оказывается эффективным и возможно только после купирования острой психотической симптоматики и неэффективности антипсихотической монотерапии.</p> </trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>antipsychotics</kwd><kwd>antidepressants</kwd><kwd>evidence-based therapeutic algorithm</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>антипсихотики</kwd><kwd>антидепрессанты</kwd><kwd>терапевтический алгоритм на основе доказательных данных</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sands JR, Harrow M. 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