<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6137</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP6137</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The History of Territorial Psychiatric Hospitals in Russia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>История окружных психиатрических больниц в России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-8022</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4474-9080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tselischev</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Целищев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Вениаминович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>psychiatrist, Director, Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 5 of the Moscow Healthcare Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-психиатр высшей квалификационной категории, главный врач, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 5 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</p></bio><email>bea3che@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-8591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyaev</surname><given-names>Mikhail I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняев</surname><given-names>Михаил Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>psychiatrist, Deputy Medical Director, Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 5 of the Moscow Healthcare Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-психиатр, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части, ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 5 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</p></bio><email>bea3che@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 5 of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Психиатрическая клиническая больница № 5 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-06-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>125</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-04"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Tselischev D.V., Chernyaev M.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Целищев Д.В., Черняев М.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tselischev D.V., Chernyaev M.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Целищев Д.В., Черняев М.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/6137">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/6137</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The establishment of district psychiatric hospitals in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th-early 20th century is one of the most important stages in the development of domestic psychiatry. In fact, it was the first experience in the design and construction of psychiatric hospitals as large specialized autonomous complexes aimed not only at isolation of patients, but also at therapy of their condition. The idea of building such institutions was suggested by reality itself: city houses for the mentally ill under the jurisdiction of provincial and then zemstvo authorities were overcrowded, but there was a lack of specialized doctors, since psychiatry in Russia in the first half of the 19th century was only beginning to gain scientific prestige. In a sense, the development of Russian psychiatry and the evolution of the project of district hospitals for the mentally ill pushed each other: leading psychiatrists of their time took a most enthusiastic part in the development of the project, and the hospitals established through their efforts provided enormous practical material for studying mental diseases and methods of their therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Учреждение окружных психиатрических больниц на территории Российской империи во второй половине XIX–начале XX века — один из самых важных этапов в развитии отечественной психиатрии. Фактически это первый опыт проектирования и строительства психиатрических лечебниц как крупных специализированных автономных комплексов, нацеленных не только на изоляцию пациентов, но и на терапию их состояния. Проект уникален не только сложностью замысла и комплексным подходом к лечению и содержанию пациентов, но и широтой географии. Больницы по данному проекту строились в самых разных частях российского государства: от западных рубежей до Сибири. В разработке проекта принимали участие ведущие психиатры своего времени, а учрежденные благодаря их усилиям больницы дали огромный практический материал для изучения психических расстройств и подходов к лечению. В статье рассматриваются предпосылки создания проекта, главные вехи его реализации, а также вклад создававшихся окружных психиатрических лечебниц в развитие российской психиатрии. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of Russian psychiatry</kwd><kwd>territorial psychiatric hospitals</kwd><kwd>coercive treatment</kwd><kwd>care of mentally ill patients</kwd><kwd>occupational therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история российской психиатрии</kwd><kwd>окружные психиатрические больницы</kwd><kwd>принудительное лечение</kwd><kwd>призрение душевнобольных</kwd><kwd>трудотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ostankov P. Vinnytsa district hospital. V.M. Bekhterev Review of psychiatry and Medical Psychology.1896;1(6): 439-446. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Rote A. An essay on the history of psychiatry in Russia and Poland. Arkhiv psikhiatrii, nevrologii i sudebnoi psikhopatologii. 1893;22(2)1:93-109.Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Sozinov A, Ziganshin F, Mitrofanov V. To the 150th anniversary of the Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after Academician V.M. Bekhterev. Practical medicine. 2019;17(3):11-18. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Freze A. The first decade of the Kazan District Hospital in the Name of the Mother of God of All Mourners (1869-1879). Kazan: Universitetskaya tipografia; 1880.19 p. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Mendelevich D, Sozinov A. Kazan period of activity of Professor A.U. Freze (to the 185th anniversary of his birth). Medial Psychology in Russia. [Internet]. 2011 [Cited 2023 Apr 17];3(3). Available from: http://www.medpsy.ru/mprj/archiv_global/2011_3_8/nomer/nomer12.php. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Freze A. To the opening of the Kazan house of the insane. Kazan; 1869. 28-30 pp. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Ostankov P. Lev Fedorovich Ragozin. V.M.Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology . 1908;13(4):195-201. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Hopital des alienes a Tworki. Warsaw;1911. 2-10 рp. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Ostankov P. Vinnytsia district hospital.V.M.Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology. 1896;1(8): 610-619. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>The commemorative book of the Vilna province for 1904. Vilna;1904. 83-84, 165, 178 pp. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Regulations on the Moscow district hospital for the mentally ill people. Moscow;1910. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Instructions for the revision of the Moscow district hospital. Moscow: GBU TSGA; 1908. 26-32 pp. Russian.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
