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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">68</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Gender Identity Disorders: Current Medical and Social Paradigm and the ICD-11 Innovations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Расстройства половой идентификации: современная медико-социальная парадигма и инновации МКБ-11</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-8215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyachenko</surname><given-names>Anton V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьяченко</surname><given-names>Антон В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>avddoc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perekhov</surname><given-names>Alexey Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перехов</surname><given-names>Алексей Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>help@centerphoenix.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatkin</surname><given-names>Victor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдаткин</surname><given-names>Виктор Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sva-rostov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhanovskaya</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухановская</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>help@centerphoenix.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Medical and Rehabilitation Research center «PHOENIX»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Лечебно-реабилитационный научный центр «ФЕНИКС»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-05-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-11"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Dyachenko A.V., Perekhov A.Y., Soldatkin V.A., Bukhanovskaya O.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Дьяченко А.В., Перехов А.Я., Солдаткин В.А., Бухановская О.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dyachenko A.V., Perekhov A.Y., Soldatkin V.A., Bukhanovskaya O.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дьяченко А.В., Перехов А.Я., Солдаткин В.А., Бухановская О.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/68">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> This article presents a review of current concepts of gender identity under normal and pathological conditions.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To analyse the impact of the medical and social paradigm shift for clinical practice.</p> <p><bold>Results and discussion.</bold> The modern academic literature devoted to gender identity disorders is characterized by a variety of terminology, a shift in emphasis from clinical judgement to a socially beneficial normocentric approach and a relatively few advanced, evidence-based research. There is also a lack of evidence for the gender theory underlying the new approach, which raises serious doubts about the validity of the medical and social paradigm revision. In the same time, the position of Russian psychiatrists remains to be more clinically oriented.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Patients who declare the desire to reassign their gender have to be assessed by psychiatrists for differential diagnosis to exclude a mental disorder. In such cases, the destigmatization of mental disorders is more critical than the depathologization of gender identity disorders.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В данной статье представлен обзор научной литературы, посвященной современным представлениям о половой идентификации в норме и патологии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования.</bold> Проанализировать значение смены медико-социальной парадигмы для</p> <p>клинической практики.</p> <p><bold>Результаты и обсуждение.</bold> Современная научная литература, посвященная расстройствам половой идентификации, характеризуется терминологическим многообразием, смещением акцентов с клинической оценки данного феномена к социально-ориентированному нормоцентрическому подходу и относительно низким доказательным уровнем исследовательских работ. Гендерная теория, лежащая в основе нового подхода, до сих пор не нашла научно аргументированного подкрепления. Это обстоятельство вызывает серьезные сомнения в обоснованности произошедшего пересмотра медико-социальной парадигмы. На этом фоне позиция российских психиатров представляется более клинически ориентированной.</p> <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Пациенты, заявляющие о желании изменить пол, нуждаются в тщательной псхиатрической дифференциальной диагностике с исключением психических расстройств. При этом дестигматизация психических расстройств оказывается важнее депатологизации расстройств половой идентификации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gender identity disorders</kwd><kwd>gender dysphoria</kwd><kwd>transsexualism</kwd><kwd>transgender</kwd><kwd>gender reassignment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расстройства половой идентификации</kwd><kwd>гендерная дисфория</kwd><kwd>транссексуализм</kwd><kwd>трансгендер</kwd><kwd>изменение пола</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Vasil’chenko GS. Seksopatologiya: Spravochnik. Meditsina; 1990.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bukhanovskii AO. Transseksualizm i skhodnye sostoyaniya. Mini Taip; 2016.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Skordis N, Butler G, de Vries MC, Main K, Hannema SE. 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