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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Consortium PSYCHIATRICUM</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-7672</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2919</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">86</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CP86</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPECIAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПЕЦИАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Community-Based Mental Health Services in Mexico</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Амбулаторная психиатрическая служба в Мексике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-6482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cordero Oropeza</surname><given-names>Martha</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кордеро Оропеза</surname><given-names>Марта</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher in the Global Mental Health Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовательский центр по проблемам психического здоровья в мире</p></bio><email>marthiux1403@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9009-5255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berenzon</surname><given-names>Shoshana</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беренсон</surname><given-names>Шошане</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Director of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр эпидемиологии и психосоциальных исследований</p></bio><email>diepsho19@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-7393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Robles</surname><given-names>Rebeca</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Роблес</surname><given-names>Ребека</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Coordinator Researcher in the Global Mental Health Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовательский центр по проблемам психического здоровья в мире</p></bio><email>reberobles@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-5838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Real</surname><given-names>Tania</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Реал</surname><given-names>Tаня</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher in the Global Mental Health Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовательский центр по проблемам психического здоровья в мире</p></bio><email>taniarealq@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9300-0752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Medina Mora</surname><given-names>María Elena</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медина Мора</surname><given-names>Мария Елена</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher in the Global Mental Health Research Center, Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовательский центр по проблемам психического здоровья в мире, Центр эпидемиологии и психосоциальных исследований</p></bio><email>metmmora@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, National Institute of Psychiatry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный институт психиатрии «Рамон де ла Фуэнте Муньис»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-05"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Cordero Oropeza M., Berenzon S., Robles R., Real T., Medina Mora M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Кордеро Оропеза M., Беренсон Ш., Роблес Р., Реал T., Медина Мора M.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cordero Oropeza M., Berenzon S., Robles R., Real T., Medina Mora M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кордеро Оропеза M., Беренсон Ш., Роблес Р., Реал T., Медина Мора M.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/86">https://consortium-psy.com/jour/article/view/86</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>AIM:</bold> This article describes the general characteristics of community-based mental healthcare in Mexico.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> Data from national surveys, special studies and statistics from the national information system during the period 2001–2017 are used. Available information on health systems, new regulations and the innovations implemented are reviewed, as well as research on psychosocial interventions conducted within the country.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Data show a fragmented health system with services for workers and those without social security or private care. This is a treatment system essentially based on tertiary healthcare and not integrated into the general health system, with a significant treatment gap and delay in relation to the first treatment. At the same time, a slow but steady increase in the level of care provided at primary healthcare level and in specialized community services has been observed. This trend has been accompanied by an increase in the number of medical doctors, psychologists and, to a lesser extent, psychiatrists, incorporated into the primary healthcare services. At the same time, no new psychiatric hospitals have been built; there has been a proportional reduction in psychiatric beds but no increase in mental health services or beds allocated to first contact hospitals. Research initiatives have analysed the barriers to reform, and efficient interventions have been developed and tested for the community and for primary healthcare; special interventions are available for the most vulnerable but no formal efforts have been to facilitate their implementation.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> Evidence is available regarding the implementation of the transition from reliance on tertiary healthcare to reinforced primary care. At the same time, parity, financial protection, quality and continuity of care remain major challenges.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ:</bold> В статье описываются общие характеристики амбулаторной психиатрической службы в Мексике.</p> <p><bold>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ:</bold> Используются данные национальных опросов, специальных исследований и статистические данные из национальной информационной системы за период 2001–2017 гг. Приводится обзор доступной информации о системе здравоохранения, новых нормативных документах и внедренных инновациях, а также данные исследований психосоциальных интервенций.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: </bold>Данные отражают фрагментированность системы здравоохранения, с услугами для работников и для тех, кто не имеет социального обеспечения или частной помощи. Система медицинской помощи при психических расстройствах является в основном третичной помощью и не интегрирована в общую систему здравоохранения. Наблюдается отсутствие преемственности между первичной и специализированной помощью и задержка в оказании специализированной помощи. В то же время наблюдается медленное, но неуклонное повышение качества первичной медико-санитарной помощи и специализированной амбулаторной психиатрической помощи. Эта тенденция сопровождается увеличением числа врачей, психологов и, в меньшей степени, психиатров в службах первичной медико-санитарной помощи. При этом новых психиатрических больниц не построено; количество койко-мест в психиатрических больницах уменьшилось, но при этом не увеличилось количество психиатрических служб или койко-мест в больницах общего профиля. В рамках исследовательских инициатив были проанализированы препятствия на пути реформ, и были разработаны и протестированы эффективные вмешательства при оказании психиатрической помощи по месту жительства и для первичной медико-санитарной помощи; для наиболее уязвимых пациентов предусмотрены специальные меры, однако каких-либо формальных усилий по их внедрению не предпринималось.</p> <p><bold>ВЫВОДЫ:</bold> Имеются данные о реализации перехода от третичной психиатрической помощи к усиленной первичной медико-санитарной помощи. В то же время основными проблемами остаются обеспечение равенства при оказании помощи, финансовой защиты, качества и непрерывности медицинской помощи.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mental disorders</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>community services</kwd><kwd>primary care</kwd><kwd>psychosocial interventions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>психические расстройства</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>службы по месту жительства</kwd><kwd>первичная помощь</kwd><kwd>психосоциальные вмешательства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund. Primary health care: report of the International Conference on Primary Health care, Alma-Ata, USSR, 6-12 September 1978. World Health Organization; 1978.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Patel V, Saxena S, Lund C, et al. 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